Introduction to Lithium Metal Batteries
Battery manufacturing juggernaut CATL has made significant advancements in lithium metal batteries (LMBs), achieving a fusion of increased energy density and an impressive doubling of usable lifespan. LMBs are lauded for their potential across various applications, particularly in electric vehicles (EVs) and electric aviation, yet commercial viability is still on the horizon.
Key Breakthroughs in Energy Density and Lifespan
The latest prototype from CATL demonstrated a lifespan of 483 cycles, along with an energy density of 500 Wh/kg. This performance surpasses expectations for solid-state batteries and is almost double that of current nickel manganese cobalt batteries, which typically yield between 200 to 300 Wh/kg. Innovations in battery manufacturing are crucial, as the energy density and lifespan of LMBs need to be balanced delicately; increasing one often compromises the other.
The Role of Electrolyte in Performance Improvement
The breakthrough hinges upon a shift in electrolyte composition. CATL discovered that a significant 71% of the electrolyte was consumed by the cell’s end of life, leading to what is known as ‘dead lithium.’ By implementing a lifsi lithium salt with enhanced conductivity and stability, they managed to prolong the life of higher-energy-density cells. This smart adjustment signifies a promising direction in battery technology, paving the way for feasible applications in EVs and beyond.
